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Volume 1

CJNM / Volume 1 (Page 2)

Critical Appraisal of Approved Chemotherapy Regimens for Advanced Colon Cancer in Ontario, Canada by Akbar Khan, MD, IMD, DHS, FAAO

15/09/2021
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Issue 2

Abstract Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is a term often used to describe allopathic medical therapies. Best evidence for a therapy was felt to be obtained by randomized clinical trials which remain the “gold standard” today. Many well-established chemotherapy regimens for metastatic colon cancer claim to be evidence-based, and are government approved and funded in Ontario, Canada. Conversely, natural therapies, off-label non-toxic therapies, and metabolic therapies for cancer remain unproven due to lack of large-scale clinical trials. Many such therapies are backed by lower levels of evidence that suggests they prolong life or enhance quality of life, yet they are not considered evidence-based by the oncology community. A careful analysis of the actual evidence underlying approved regimens for metastatic colorectal cancer raises important questions about the application of...

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The Thyroid – SIBO Connection by Polina Mak, ND

15/09/2021
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Issue 2

Abstract The purpose of this review is to explore the evidence for a causal link between hypothyroidism and Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO). Upon reading the paper, the clinician will have a good understanding of when to assess a hypothyroid patient for Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) and the hypothesized pathophysiology behind this link. Introduction Hypothyroidism, prevalent in women, the elderly, and certain ethnic groups, is the result of inadequate production of thyroid hormone or the inadequate action of thyroid hormone in target tissues. Primary hypothyroidism is the principal manifestation of hypothyroidism, but other causes include central deficiency of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) or thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), or consumptive hypothyroidism from excessive inactivation of thyroid hormone. Hypothyroidism is defined as either clinical (elevation in the TSH and low levels...

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Intraarticular Injection of Hyaluronic Acid for Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Review

15/09/2021
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Issue 2

By Philip Rouchotas, MSc, ND, Siobhan Egan, BSc, Rachael O’Connell, ND, Jordan Morton, ND, MJ Atkins, ND, Alex Del Duca, ND Abstract Hyaluronic acid (HA) represents a safe, minimally invasive intervention known to provide significant symptomatic relief for individuals suffering with osteoarthritis. Naturopathic doctors (NDs) practicing in several jurisdictions across North America are provided scope of practice that allows for clinical application of this important tool. The goal of this review is two-fold; to familiarize ND’s with this intervention in regions where its use is permitted, and to encourage ND’s in regions currently excluded from this medicine to pursue its inclusion as an allowed substance for administration by injection. There are several hundred human intervention trials of injectable HA. To establish an evidence base manageable for the...

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Drawing Attention to Omega-3 Supplements in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) by Rochelle Fernandes, MSc, ND (Cand), PhD (Cand)

15/06/2021
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Issue 2

Abstract Attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) is a common challenge among children, adolescents, and adults. Parents, especially, remain cautious in utilizing medications as a first line therapy for their young children who have been diagnosed with ADHD, hence creating an expanding need for natural therapeutics. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been effective at alleviating symptoms in various diagnoses (neurological, cardiovascular, endocrine and more) due to their anti-inflammatory nature. Omega-3 PUFAs would be a good option for children with ADHD due to their moderate efficacy and lower level of side effects. This article comments on studies that address this efficacy by focusing on which subtype of ADHD patients would benefit the most, as well as the best dosage, duration, age range, and symptom profile that show...

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Issue 1 June 2021

10/06/2021
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Issue 1, Volume 1

I am extremely pleased with the line up of articles contained within this first volume of CJNM. Eric Muradov delivers a thesis on preclinical and human evidence in relation to strategies that encourage remyelination for individuals suffering from MS. Neil McKinney provides a thorough review of a novel natural health product most specific for pain management; palmatoylethanolamide (PEA). Erin Balodis updates happenings in relation to the FODMAPs diet. Jenny Henderson and Elizabeth Goldspink deliver a powerful summary of evidence regarding benefit of spending time in greenspaces. Maria Shapoval reminds us to “use it or lose it” as she reviews evidence of cognitive benefit of video games among the elderly. Gillian Flower does an excellent job of examining the potential role of metformin as a treatment...

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Physical, Cognitive, and Social Impacts of Video Games in an Elderly Population by Maria Shapoval, ND

09/06/2021
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Issue 1

Abstract The health of the elderly population is becoming increasingly more important as people are living longer and the aging population is growing. Video games can provide an engaging method through which participants can potentially expand and maintain their cognitive skills as well as their physical capabilities, such as mobility, strength, balance, and coordination. Additionally, video games may serve as a means to promote social interaction and develop a sense of belonging. However, video games are a remarkably diverse medium, and the question of which game provides the most therapeutic benefit for cognitive, physical or mental health decline remains to be answered. This review will explore several recent game-based interventions and discuss this impact on cognitive, physical, and social well being. Introduction The elderly is a growing demographic...

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The Health Benefits from Exposure to Green Spaces and Natural Environments by Jenny Henderson, ND & Elizabeth Goldspink, ND

09/06/2021
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Issue 1

Abstract Exposure to green spaces and natural environments is associated with a wide range of benefits to humans that touch on every major physiological system. A rapidly growing body of research has demonstrated improvements in cardiovascular health, immune function, stress response, inflammation, mental health outcomes, sleep quality, and cognitive function. Key research from the last 20 years is summarized here, with a discussion on possible mechanisms of action. While more rigorous research in the field is still needed, we expect the overwhelmingly positive associations that have been found thus far to be sufficient to confidently recommend regular exposure to natural environments to all urban dwellers. Introduction As a growing global population increasingly inhabits urban centers, humans find themselves living apart from natural spaces, both in distance and in...

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A Low FODMAP (Fermentable Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides, and Polyols) Diet Update by Erin Balodis, MSc, ND

09/06/2021
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Issue 1

Abstract Since their introduction into the nutrition world in the mid 2000s, fermentable carbohydrates, commonly knowns as FODMAPs have gained significant interest for their application as a low FODMAP diet to help those suffering with bowel disorders. Irritable bowel syndrome has a significant and growing prevalence around the globe, with limited successful interventions. However, following a low FODMAP has shown remarkable benefit. Low FODMAP foods contain low levels of fermentable and prebiotic fibers, which raise concerns of overall gut health, in those eating a low FODMAP diet since it is established that these fibers contribute to a healthy microbiome. This is one of a number of concerns surrounding the use of the low FODMAP diet for those suffering from bowel disorders, discussed below. Introduction Following a diet low...

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Metformin and Cancer – Is There Value for the Non-Diabetic Patient? by Gillian Flower, ND

09/06/2021
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Issue 1

Abstract Observational studies of metformin use among individuals with diabetes suggest an anti-cancer effect of this drug. Its effects, if any, in a cancer-affected but non-diabetic population are uncertain. A literature review was conducted. Twenty-three clinical trials and one case report were identified. Metformin use was associated with improved clinical presentation in precancerous conditions including aberrant crypt foci, adenomas and dysplasia. In patients with invasive cancers, metformin decreased the proliferation marker Ki-67. This effect was enhanced in some studies by stratification of patients by hormone receptor status, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status, body mass index and insulin responsiveness. Weight, insulin resistance and fasting blood glucose were all improved under metformin treatment. Concerning cancer-related outcomes, studies of progression-free, disease-free and overall survival have yielded inconclusive...

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Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA): Clinical Applications by Neil McKinney, ND

09/06/2021
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Issue 1

Abstract Natural narcotics - opiates and cannabis - are within the prescribing authority of naturopathic physicians in some jurisdictions. Cannabidiol (CBD) has been serviceable for neuropathic pain, but with limitations, not the least of which is financial toxicity. A new cannabinoid-like natural remedy for pain, central and peripheral neuropathy is the phospholipid palmitoylethanolamide (PEA). PEA occurs naturally in peanuts, soybeans, egg yolks, and the human body. PEA is an endogenous fatty acid amide, a phospholipid which is analgesic via G-protein-coupled receptors. PEA is a nuclear factor agonist, neuroprotective, and neuroregenerative, reducing neuronal inflammation and edema. It has been found effective for sciatica, migraine, endometriosis, dysmenorrhea, chemical neuropathy, TMJ, and more, in human RCTs and meta-analyses. Adverse effects are unusual, with occasional mild gastrointestinal upset reported. The aim...

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