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Physical, Cognitive, and Social Impacts of Video Games in an Elderly Population by Maria Shapoval, ND

09/06/2021
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Abstract The health of the elderly population is becoming increasingly more important as people are living longer and the aging population is growing. Video games can provide an engaging method through which participants can potentially expand and maintain their cognitive skills as well as their physical capabilities, such as mobility, strength, balance, and coordination. Additionally, video games may serve as a means to promote social interaction and develop a sense of belonging. However, video games are a remarkably diverse medium, and the question of which game provides the most therapeutic benefit for cognitive, physical or mental health decline remains to be answered. This review will explore several recent game-based interventions and discuss this impact on cognitive, physical, and social well being. Introduction The elderly is a growing demographic...

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The Health Benefits from Exposure to Green Spaces and Natural Environments by Jenny Henderson, ND & Elizabeth Goldspink, ND

09/06/2021
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Abstract Exposure to green spaces and natural environments is associated with a wide range of benefits to humans that touch on every major physiological system. A rapidly growing body of research has demonstrated improvements in cardiovascular health, immune function, stress response, inflammation, mental health outcomes, sleep quality, and cognitive function. Key research from the last 20 years is summarized here, with a discussion on possible mechanisms of action. While more rigorous research in the field is still needed, we expect the overwhelmingly positive associations that have been found thus far to be sufficient to confidently recommend regular exposure to natural environments to all urban dwellers. Introduction As a growing global population increasingly inhabits urban centers, humans find themselves living apart from natural spaces, both in distance and in...

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A Low FODMAP (Fermentable Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides, and Polyols) Diet Update by Erin Balodis, MSc, ND

09/06/2021
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Abstract Since their introduction into the nutrition world in the mid 2000s, fermentable carbohydrates, commonly knowns as FODMAPs have gained significant interest for their application as a low FODMAP diet to help those suffering with bowel disorders. Irritable bowel syndrome has a significant and growing prevalence around the globe, with limited successful interventions. However, following a low FODMAP has shown remarkable benefit. Low FODMAP foods contain low levels of fermentable and prebiotic fibers, which raise concerns of overall gut health, in those eating a low FODMAP diet since it is established that these fibers contribute to a healthy microbiome. This is one of a number of concerns surrounding the use of the low FODMAP diet for those suffering from bowel disorders, discussed below. Introduction Following a diet low...

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Metformin and Cancer – Is There Value for the Non-Diabetic Patient? by Gillian Flower, ND

09/06/2021
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Abstract Observational studies of metformin use among individuals with diabetes suggest an anti-cancer effect of this drug. Its effects, if any, in a cancer-affected but non-diabetic population are uncertain. A literature review was conducted. Twenty-three clinical trials and one case report were identified. Metformin use was associated with improved clinical presentation in precancerous conditions including aberrant crypt foci, adenomas and dysplasia. In patients with invasive cancers, metformin decreased the proliferation marker Ki-67. This effect was enhanced in some studies by stratification of patients by hormone receptor status, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status, body mass index and insulin responsiveness. Weight, insulin resistance and fasting blood glucose were all improved under metformin treatment. Concerning cancer-related outcomes, studies of progression-free, disease-free and overall survival have yielded inconclusive...

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Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA): Clinical Applications by Neil McKinney, ND

09/06/2021
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Abstract Natural narcotics - opiates and cannabis - are within the prescribing authority of naturopathic physicians in some jurisdictions. Cannabidiol (CBD) has been serviceable for neuropathic pain, but with limitations, not the least of which is financial toxicity. A new cannabinoid-like natural remedy for pain, central and peripheral neuropathy is the phospholipid palmitoylethanolamide (PEA). PEA occurs naturally in peanuts, soybeans, egg yolks, and the human body. PEA is an endogenous fatty acid amide, a phospholipid which is analgesic via G-protein-coupled receptors. PEA is a nuclear factor agonist, neuroprotective, and neuroregenerative, reducing neuronal inflammation and edema. It has been found effective for sciatica, migraine, endometriosis, dysmenorrhea, chemical neuropathy, TMJ, and more, in human RCTs and meta-analyses. Adverse effects are unusual, with occasional mild gastrointestinal upset reported. The aim...

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Alternative Approaches to Remyelination in Multiple Sclerosis by Eric Muradov, ND

09/06/2021
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Abstract There are no currently approved remyelination therapies for Multiple Sclerosis (MS). However, understanding the composition of myelin, nutritional contributors towards myelination as well as non nutritional alternative approaches may aid those in need while other methods are developed. Fatty acids, vitamins and minerals are needed at different points in the biochemistry of myelination. Furthermore, repurposed medications, peptides, lifestyle interventions and amino acids also may be of benefit. Lastly, it appears that a synergistic approach may be more effective than pharmacologic dosing of individual nutrients. Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is typically a relapsing, inflammatory condition of the central nervous system (CNS) (Tryfonos et al 2019). In Relapsing Remitting MS (RRMS) lymphocytic infiltration of the brain and spinal cord dominates early on, causing demyelination (Baldassari and Fox 2018). Oligodendrocytes...

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